Back to blog

Menu in Kazakh: a sample, a dish glossary and how to translate your menu

A sample Kazakh and Russian menu: categories, popular dishes and drinks, a glossary of menu terms, grammar of dish names, machine translation mistakes, a toi banquet menu and how to run both languages in a QR menu.

9 min read

In short

To make a menu in Kazakh and Russian, use the established Kazakh names for categories and dishes (Салаттар, Сорпалар, Палау, Бауырсақ), translate descriptions by meaning, keep prices and weights identical, and place the Kazakh text on the left or on top in the same font size. Below are a sample menu, a glossary, a toi banquet menu and common translation mistakes.

To make a menu in Kazakh and Russian, use the established Kazakh names for categories and dishes (Салаттар, Сорпалар, Палау, Бауырсақ), translate descriptions and ingredients by meaning rather than word for word, keep prices and weights identical, and place the Kazakh text on the left or on top in the same font size. Before printing or publishing, have someone fluent in Kazakh proofread it.

Below are a sample bilingual menu, a glossary of menu terms, grammar rules for dish names, common machine translation mistakes and a sample banquet menu for a toi (a Kazakh celebration). Why the Kazakh version is mandatory is covered in Kazakhstan's language law and restaurant menus.

Sample Kazakh and Russian menu: categories

The Kazakh column comes first, as on a printed menu: under Article 21 of the Law “On Languages” the state language text goes on the left or on top.

KazakhRussianEnglish
Таңғы асЗавтракиBreakfast
СалаттарСалатыSalads
ТіскебасарларЗакускиStarters
СорпаларСупыSoups
Ыстық тағамдарГорячие блюдаMain courses
ГарнирлерГарнирыSide dishes
ТұздықтарСоусыSauces
НанХлебBread
ДесерттерДесертыDesserts
СусындарНапиткиDrinks
Ыстық сусындарГорячие напиткиHot drinks
Салқын сусындарХолодные напиткиCold drinks
Балалар мәзіріДетское менюKids' menu
Кешенді түскі асКомплексный обедSet lunch
Банкеттік мәзірБанкетное менюBanquet menu

For soups you will also see «Бірінші тағамдар» (first courses), and pastry shops often write «Тәттілер» (sweets) instead of «Десерттер». Both are correct. Pick one and use it throughout the menu.

Sample menu: dishes and drinks

KazakhRussianEnglish
БешбармақБешбармакBeshbarmak (boiled meat with flat noodles)
Қазақша етМясо по-казахскиKazakh-style meat
ПалауПловPlov (pilaf)
ЛағманЛагманLagman (noodles with meat and vegetables)
ҚуырдақКуырдакKuyrdak (fried meat and offal)
МантыМантыManty (steamed dumplings)
Етті самсаСамса с мясомMeat samsa
Асқабақты самсаСамса с тыквойPumpkin samsa
Қой етінен шашлықШашлык из бараниныLamb shashlik
Тауық етінен шашлықШашлык из курицыChicken shashlik
Ет сорпасыМясной бульонMeat broth
Тауық сорпасыКуриный супChicken soup
Көкөніс салатыОвощной салатVegetable salad
«Цезарь» салатыСалат «Цезарь»Caesar salad
ҚазыКазыKazy (horse meat sausage)
ҚартаКартаKarta (horse meat delicacy)
ЖаяЖаяZhaya (horse meat delicacy)
ШұжықШужукShuzhuk (horse meat sausage)
БауырсақБаурсакиBaursak (fried dough)
Картоп фриКартофель фриFrench fries
КүрішРисRice
ҚаймақСметанаSour cream
Сұлы ботқасыОвсяная кашаOatmeal
ҚұймақБлиныPancakes
БалмұздақМороженоеIce cream
ШайЧайTea
Сүтті шайЧай с молокомTea with milk
Сүтті кофеКофе с молокомCoffee with milk
ҚымызКумысKumys (fermented mare's milk)
ШұбатШубатShubat (fermented camel's milk)
АйранАйранAyran (fermented milk drink)
ШырынСокJuice
СуВодаWater
Газсыз суВода без газаStill water

This is how one item looks in a bilingual menu (the weight and price only show the format):

KazakhRussian
NameБешбармақБешбармак
IngredientsЕт, жайма, пияз, сорпаМясо, раскатанное тесто, лук, бульон
WeightСалмағы: 450 гВыход: 450 г
Price2 500 ₸2 500 ₸

Menu glossary: Russian, Kazakh and English terms

RussianKazakhEnglish
МенюМәзірMenu
ЦенаБағаPrice
ПорцияПорцияPortion
Половина порцииЖарты порцияHalf portion
Вес, выходСалмағыWeight
ОбъёмКөлеміVolume
СоставҚұрамыIngredients
АллергеныАллергендерAllergens
ОстроеАщыSpicy
ВегетарианскоеВегетариандықVegetarian
Без сахараҚантсызSugar-free
Без лукаПиязсызNo onion
ХитХит, танымалBestseller
НовинкаЖаңаNew
Шеф рекомендуетШеф-аспаз ұсынадыChef's choice
СезонноеМаусымдықSeasonal
Комплексный обедКешенді түскі асSet lunch
ЗакончилосьТаусылдыSold out
ШтукаДанаPiece
На выносАлып кетуTakeaway
ДоставкаЖеткізуDelivery
ЗаказТапсырысOrder
СчётШотBill
ОбслуживаниеҚызмет көрсетуService charge
СкидкаЖеңілдікDiscount
ЖареныйҚуырылғанFried
ВарёныйҚайнатылғанBoiled
ТушёныйБұқтырылғанStewed
КопчёныйЫсталғанSmoked
На грилеГрильде пісірілгенGrilled
Свежий (овощи)БалғынFresh (vegetables)
СочныйШырындыJuicy
ХрустящийҚытырлақCrispy
Из говядиныСиыр етіненBeef
Из бараниныҚой етіненLamb
Из кониныЖылқы етіненHorse meat
Из курицыТауық етіненChicken

Grammar of Kazakh dish names: seven rules

  1. The head word comes last and takes a possessive ending. Салат «Цезарь» becomes «Цезарь» салаты, chicken soup is тауық сорпасы, vegetable salad is көкөніс салаты. Proper names (Caesar, Olivier, Napoleon) are not translated and go in quotation marks.
  2. "With something" uses the suffix -лы/-лі, -ды/-ді, -ты/-ті. Meat samsa is етті самса, tea with milk is сүтті шай, pumpkin samsa is асқабақты самса.
  3. "Without" uses the suffix -сыз/-сіз. Sugar-free is қантсыз, no onion is пиязсыз, gluten-free is глютенсіз.
  4. The kind of meat takes the ablative case. Lamb shashlik is қой етінен шашлық, chicken shashlik is тауық етінен шашлық.
  5. "Kazakh-style", "Uzbek-style" use the suffix -ша/-ше. Қазақша ет, өзбекше палау.
  6. Only the first word of a name is capitalised. «Тауық сорпасы», not «Тауық Сорпасы».
  7. Kazakh letters are never replaced with Russian look-alikes. Ә, ғ, қ, ң, ө, ұ, ү, һ and і are separate letters. «Бешбармак», «Куырдак» or «Казы» in the Kazakh column are misspellings; the correct forms are Бешбармақ, Қуырдақ, Қазы. Check that your menu font supports these letters, or they will drop out or render in a fallback font.

Common machine translation mistakes

Translation tools handle single words well and dish names poorly. After a machine translation, check for:

  • A description instead of a name. National dishes have established Kazakh names: бешбармақ, бауырсақ, палау, қуырдақ. There is no need to describe them.
  • Russian word order. Салат «Цезарь» in Kazakh is «Цезарь» салаты: the modifier first, the head word last.
  • Translated proper names. «Цезарь», «Оливье», «Наполеон» stay as they are; only «салаты» or «торты» is added.
  • Words with several meanings. «Острое» on a menu is about taste, so it is «ащы», not the sharpness of a knife. The «Горячее» section is «Ыстық тағамдар», «Первое» is «Бірінші тағамдар», and the restaurant bill is «шот».
  • Lost Kazakh letters. Ә, ғ, қ, ң, ө, ұ, ү, һ, і replaced with similar Russian letters: the text is readable but misspelled.
  • Half-translated items. The name is in Kazakh while the description and ingredients stayed in Russian. Translate every field of an item, or the menu looks half done.

The law requires "spelling norms and an authentic translation", so machine translation is only good as a first draft.

Prices, weights and units

  • Price: 2 500 ₸, with a space as the thousands separator and the tenge sign after the number, identical in both columns. In running text you can write «2 500 теңге».
  • Weight and volume: 250 g, 330 ml, 0.5 l in English; both Russian and Kazakh use a decimal comma (0,5 л).
  • Pieces: the Russian «шт» is «дана» in Kazakh: 6 дана.
  • Labels: «Выход» is «Салмағы», «Объём» is «Көлемі», «Состав» is «Құрамы».

Banquet menu for a toi: a sample

A toi menu (той дастарханының мәзірі) usually follows the order of serving: cold dishes are on the table when guests arrive, then a hot dish is served, the main course is meat (beshbarmak), broth (сорпа) follows the meat, and tea with cake closes the meal. Every venue has its own order and dishes; below is a sample structure with names in both languages.

CourseKazakhRussian
Before guests arriveҚазы, қарта, жая, шұжықКазы, карта, жая, шужук
Before guests arriveСалаттарСалаты
Before guests arriveБауырсақ, нанБаурсаки, хлеб
Before guests arriveҚұрт, ірімшікКурт, иримшик
Before guests arriveКептірілген жемістер мен жаңғақтарСухофрукты и орехи
Before guests arriveЖемістерФрукты
Hot dishБалық немесе тауық етіРыба или курица
Main courseБешбармақБешбармак
After the meatСорпаСорпа (бульон)
DrinksҚымыз, шұбат, шырындар, суКумыс, шубат, соки, вода
To finishШай, тортЧай, торт

On a banquet menu, give weights per guest: in Kazakh, «бір адамға шаққанда».

How to keep both languages in a QR menu

On paper, two languages mean two columns and a new print run every time a price changes. On User-QR every dish has a name and description in Kazakh, Russian and English, and categories, kitchens and option groups are translated too. After scanning the QR code the guest picks a language (you can turn this step off in settings) and can switch it in the menu at any time.

Price, photo and stop list are shared across languages: change a price once and it updates in every version. If your translation is already in a spreadsheet, you can upload the menu as one Excel file with columns for all three languages. More on how the bilingual menu works: QR menu in Kazakh and Russian.

FAQ

Should national dish names be translated? No. The Kazakh column uses the established Kazakh name (Бешбармақ, Бауырсақ, Қуырдақ, Палау), and the Russian column uses the familiar Russian form (Бешбармак, Баурсаки, Куырдак, Плов).

Can I translate the menu with an online translator? As a first draft, yes. But dish names and descriptions should be checked by someone fluent in Kazakh: the law requires an authentic translation, and guests notice mistakes on a menu right away.

What is "menu" in Kazakh? «Мәзір». Hence «Балалар мәзірі» (kids' menu) and «Банкеттік мәзір» (banquet menu).

Does a menu have to be in Kazakh? Yes, Article 21 of the Law “On Languages” requires it. Details, layout rules and liability are in the article on the language law and menus.

Key takeaways

  • The Kazakh column comes first or on top, in the same font size.
  • National dishes keep their established names; proper names are not translated.
  • "With" is the suffix -лы/-ді/-ті, "without" is -сыз/-сіз, "Kazakh-style" is -ша/-ше.
  • Prices and weights are identical in both languages: 2 500 ₸, 250 g.
  • Machine translation is a draft only; someone fluent in Kazakh proofreads the final version.

Want to run a bilingual menu without reprinting? Sign up for User-QR - 14 days of the Pro plan free, no card.